Endometriosis can cause infertility due to inflammatory reaction at sites outside the uterus. Which option best reflects this statement?

• A. True
• B. False
• C. Not related to infertility
• D. Only occurs during pregnancy

Answer: (A)

The main idea is that endometriosis can cause infertility through pelvic inflammation from ectopic endometrial tissue. When endometrial cells grow outside the uterus, they bleed and trigger a chronic inflammatory response in the peritoneal cavity. This inflammatory environment brings inflammatory cells and cytokines, which promote adhesions and distortion of pelvic anatomy, particularly around the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes. These changes can block or hinder the passage of sperm, impair ovulation, and disrupt tubal function, making fertilization less likely. The inflammatory milieu can also affect the quality of the oocyte, sperm, and the endometrium, reducing implantation and early embryo success. Because of these mechanisms, infertility can occur even without severe pain or obvious symptoms inside the uterus. So the statement that endometriosis can cause infertility due to inflammatory reactions at sites outside the uterus is true. It’s not accurate to say it isn’t related to infertility, nor that it only happens during pregnancy.